Vibration Sensor(SW-420)

Overview

The SW-420 sensor is a vibration detection sensor primarily used for detecting vibrations or shocks. This sensor can be used with microcontrollers such as Arduino for various projects.

1. Vibration Detection Structure

It uses a mechanical switch that contains a metal ball inside. The metal ball is positioned between two electrodes within the sensor, and when external vibrations or shocks occur, the ball moves to make or break contact between the electrodes.

2. Operating Principle

Normal State: When the sensor is in a stable state, the metal ball does not make contact between the electrodes, resulting in a LOW (0V) output signal. Vibration Detection: When vibrations occur externally, the metal ball moves and makes contact with the electrodes. At this point, the output signal changes to HIGH (5V). This signal is transmitted to a microcontroller like Arduino, indicating that a vibration has been detected.

3. Sensitivity Adjustment

The SW-420 sensor has a built-in variable resistor that allows for sensitivity adjustment. By adjusting this resistor, the strength of the vibrations detected by the sensor can be controlled. In other words, increasing the sensitivity allows for the detection of weaker vibrations, while decreasing it makes the sensor only respond to stronger vibrations.

Specifications

• Voltage Range: DC 3.3V ~ 5V
• Signal Type: Digital Output (HIGH/LOW)
• Output Voltage: Approximately 5V in HIGH state, 0V in LOW state
• PCB Size: Approximately 32mm x 14mm

Application Examples

Basic Circuit Configuration

Arduino	SW-420 Vibration Sensor
5V	VCC
GND	GND
D2	DO

1. Detecting Vibration and Outputting to Serial Monitor

After constructing the basic circuit above, this is an example of checking whether the SW-420 vibration sensor detects vibrations by shaking it with your hand and observing the output on the serial monitor.

const int sensorPin = 2; // SW-420 OUT Pin Connect
int sensorValue = 0;

void setup() {
    Serial.begin(9600);
    pinMode(sensorPin, INPUT);
}

void loop() {
    sensorValue = digitalRead(sensorPin);
    if (sensorValue == HIGH) {
        Serial.println("Vibration Detection!");
    } else {
        Serial.println("No Vibration.");
    }
    delay(500);
}

Execution Result

2. Using with LED

This is an example where the LED turns on when vibration is detected.

Circuit Configuration

Connect the shorter leg of the LED to a resistor, and then connect the resistor to the GND pin of the Arduino. Typically, a 100Ω or 220Ω resistor is used.

Connect the longer leg of the LED to the Arduino pin D13. For more detailed information about the LED, please refer to the LED(5mm) document.

Code

const int sensorPin = 2; // SW-420 OUT Pin
const int ledPin = 13;   // Built-in LED Pin
int sensorValue = 0;

void setup() {
    Serial.begin(9600);
    pinMode(sensorPin, INPUT);
    pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
    sensorValue = digitalRead(sensorPin);
    if (sensorValue == HIGH) {
        Serial.println("Vibration Detection!");
        digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); // Turning on LED
    } else {
        Serial.println("No Vibration");
        digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); // Turning off LED
    }
    delay(500);
}

Execution Results

When vibration is detected, the LED lights up, and the serial monitor will display results similar to those in Example 1.

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